Showing posts with label Africa. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Africa. Show all posts

Sunday, 1 May 2016

Another Image of Sierra Leone - a Failure to Look

When a person enters a country, their first impressions count. These can be changed by something contrasting, or reinforced by more of the same. So it is with Sierra Leone.

Outside the country the images we see in the general and social media are made up of countless photographs; of politicians and their followers celebrating one thing or another, individuals posing for the camera, people in anti-ebola clothing, ambulances and quarantine centres, war victims, idyllic beaches, beautiful landscapes, shiny happy faces, or horrifically graphic accident victims. There may even be some nostalgic images of wildlife thrown in here or there. But does this photo album give an accurate image of Sierra Leone? As anyone walks through the airport, into the country and outside of Freetown, is this what they see? What we see is what the cameras point at.

As we wander about in our daily lives we usually notice the things that are out of the ordinary, the things we're not used to. In the case of those coming from other countries, the scenes we see in Sierra Leone are very different, and so they'll stand out.  As a child of nine stepping off the plane, I can never forget the warm humid blanket that enveloped me. Stepping off this April I noticed the absence of another childhood memory, the smell of smoked fish mixed with charcoal and permeating the air everywhere. Where had it gone? At 4am in a rickety vehicle travelling from the airport to the ferry along the night road, I noticed the vehicle, the darkness, the heat, the insects, the many huddled shadows of children and women with large bundles sitting by the roadside. Waiting for the ferry I noticed the quiet small queue of vehicles and people milling around outside the gate, sitting around on benches and in their vehicles, and the constant warmth.

On the ferry my senses were overwhelmed by sights and sounds too many to describe. The lasting image was of the dilapidated state of the ferry, overloading, endless delay, the mass of market people treated literally like cattle and risking their limbs and their produce to find a niche on the boat, smells of all kinds, the heat inside and outside of the vehicle and the dirtiness of every surface. Then came the assaulting images of Freetown. Insanity on the roads, a cacophony of sounds, dirt and dust on everything, the bravest pedestrians in the world, every kind of bric-a-brac selling from so many small open shops and laid out on the roadside.  More mad okada motorbikers than you can imagine, with their insanity spreading to their passengers who put their lives in the hands of these outlaws. The yellow taxi drivers; no better, just driving more dangerous vehicles.

Some may say these images are the ingredients that give the city some semblance of charm, although this romantic view is knocked back every few metres by a pungent wave of urine or raw sewage. All those photographs I mentioned before cannot capture the toxic exhaust fumes from countless generators and engines stuck in traffic, they cannot capture the even more toxic fumes of hydrogen cyanide, hydrochloric acid, dioxins and furans released each day across the country from tonnes of burning plastic, or the chronic coughing induced after a few days by breathing in this lethal cocktail. Nor do the images we see portray the decline of morality, compassion and social responsibility, or capture the insecurity of a lawless state, inaccessible healthcare or little social security.

Perhaps it is time to question whether any of this is actually invisible and ask whether the images are there to be seen but are not noticed, do the images portray this decline and insecurity?

Somehow people are able to travel daily past the un-emptied stench of the gutters outside their own houses without noticing them, step past the blue drinking water supply pipes submerged in these stinking gutters without batting an eye. They can drive or walk up unpaved, unmaintained back streets without noticing the bumps or damage to their fine vehicles or sandals, past periodic rubbish dumps filling riverbeds without seeing their danger or wondering where the rubbish ends up, and without smelling the even more lethal cocktail of toxins released by burning plastic. Perhaps that's the reason right there, poster blindness, the denial of danger or personal responsibility, exhibited perfectly by the government and people for months after the first outbreak of ebola and exhibited just as well today by apparently sane respectable okada passengers.  The failure to look, practised at least twice a day by 17 presidential vehicles, countless ministers and civil servants, Visit-Sierra-Leone-dot-com and millions of inhabitants.

I think there are images that portray the decline of morality, compassion, social responsibility and the insecurity of a lawless state. Look up at every hillside and hilltop around the country that has been shaved as bare as a bad haircut and savaged and scarred by a holocaust of flame. Now imagine how they looked covered in lush forest. Do not fail to take a long hard look at the image of your waterless tap and ask what forest feeds the watersheds. Look into every river under the bridges of Freetown, and ask yourself where all this plastic is going to end up? (Perhaps this is a question to ask before you buy the next plastic drink). Visit Lumley's beautiful beach and take a dip in the luxuriously warm waters rich with detritus, plastic and unknown solutions. Look in and smell the gutters outside your front door.  And do not fail to look at what is being done to our land, all over the country.

You can see these images on You Tube: https://youtu.be/F-y3sGyPmYY or on Flickr: https://flic.kr/s/aHskAuGUpi




Sahr O Fasuluku, 1 May 2016





Friday, 25 March 2016

Pipe Repairs Kayima Gravity Fed Water Supply Proposal Brief

Kayima Water
Project Summary
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Project Name:        Kayima Water 
Last Updated:         21 March 2016
Author:                    Sahr O Fasuluku
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Project Business Case
Project Overview
For full background visit the following links:

Kayima is the chiefdom headquarters for Sandoh chiefdom in Kono District, Eastern Sierra Leone, situated about 40km from Yengema airfield and 40 km from Mount Bintumani. It is very remote and it requires 3 or more hours’ travel on bad roads from the main Freetown to Kono Trunk road to reach it. It contains the central clinic, which serves the whole of the chiefdom and refers cases to Koidu General Hospital.
In the 1950's a gravity fed water supply system was constructed at Kayima. The town has extended since then, the supply can't always reach the new neighbourhoods, but there are standpipes at many points where people collect water in buckets.
In 2003 Sahr Fasuluku visited the reservoir dam and took a series of pictures just after the International Rescue Committee (IRC) and townspeople had carried out post-war maintenance and repairs.  They had managed to repair the walls of the dam, line the floor of the reservoir closest to the dam with cement and excavate a small portion of earth up to about 5 or 6 metres back and 20m wide. There was more work remaining to be done, such as excavation of approximately 30m x 20m of soil, repairs to the stop cock which had seized open, perhaps pruning of overhanging branches that had formed an almost complete canopy dropping leaves into the water. About 75% of the original reservoir was completely filled in by earth and organic material that had been washed in over several decades. No maintenance work has been recorded since 2003. 
In January 2014 brown water collected from standpipes in the town was producing a smell. Sahr Fasuluku, Bondu Argue and townspeople investigated the dam and found the previously motorable access road was overgrown with bush and hundreds of young trees several years old. The road had been brushed within the past year or so, but it was still narrow and obstructed.  Upon reaching the turntable it was possible to see the main pipe.  Each length of iron pipe was 4 or 5 metres long and about 6” in diameter. A couple of spare pipes were noticed lying about in bushes but it wasn’t possible to see if they were cracked or eroded.
The reservoir, estimated to have originally been at least 40 meters long by about 20 metres wide, was almost full of organic detritus as was the discoloured water in the small amount of remaining space, approximately 5 metres by about 15 metres wide closest to the wall of the dam. Water in the reservoir had surface scum in places. There was evidence of eutrophication and high levels of total chlorophyll, indicated by the presence of brownish algal biomass.  Assessing total suspended matter visually, it was not possible to see the bottom of the reservoir pool even though it was only between 1 metre and 1.5 metres at its deepest, it was possible to see the bed where it was around 30cm deep or less. The water had a reddish yellow tint indicating coloured dissolved matter. There was a very large leak at the left side of the dam wall and severe damage to the concrete floor of the dam close to the dam wall. 
Bondu Argue, Mohamed Kamara visiting from Saudi Arabia and Sahr Fasuluku assisted the mobilisation of townspeople by youth groups and chiefs and over two days the town voluntarily carried out significant excavation of soil and concrete repairs to the dam wall and dam floor, installed a drystone wall to hold back soil incursion and installed filters to the water outlet compartment. Bondu, Mohamed and Sahr contributed cement, sand, and other materials and provided food on the second day of work.
In April 2015 monitors reported; “The water system is very poor. The taps cannot run during the day time and only a few during the night. No rain yet.” There were an increasing number of leaks in the main supply pipe from the dam. Last reports received in March 2016 indicate 15 separate leaks. Townspeople have been making makeshift repairs using tyre inner tubes but these are temporary and prone to failure. The 6 inch iron pipe suffers from outer and inner corrosion in sections and is over 60 years old but mostly solid. the distance from the dam to the town is approximately 2km.
Urgent pipe repairs have been requested by the townspeople who are concerned about the loss of water and drying up of the supply during the dry season. It is also reported the supply does not reach the clinic. It is vital the clinic should have a potable water supply. It is believed the town has no alternative supply of potable water and no wells. When there is no pipe water, residents drink from rivers and streams which contributes to high levels of water borne diseases.
There is no apparent water safety and conservation committee.
Business Issue/Opportunity
·         Urgent repairs will need to be carried out in the short term to prevent leaks and protect water security for the town.
·         Medium term ongoing leak repairs will be necessary as and when they occur, A water conservation and safety committee will be necessary in the town to organise ongoing maintenance and monitor.
·         Replacement of pipes or pipe sections, renovation, grinding and lining of existing pipes will be necessary in the long term (renovation and section replacement are commonplace in western countries as the cost of large scale replacement is usually prohibitive). Where the pipes are corroded they will need to be gradually replaced with cement-lined iron water pipes, or individually renovated by internally grinding and lining their interiors. Replacement/renovation can be an ongoing process over the next decade with a handful of pipes being replaced/renovated every few years, or it can be one major project funded by a large donor to replace/renovate the entire system.
Project Business Goal
·         Ensure consistent water supply at all times of day and throughout the year. Prevent water wastage and drying up of dam.
·         Improve water pressure to enable consistent water supply to reach the health clinic.
·         Ensure town management and hygiene system is in place and maintains healthy supplies.
Primary Project Objectives
Primary Project Objectives
·         1. Temporary repair of leaks (up to 15 leaks) using 50mmx10m self-amalgamating tape at about £14 per leak (two tapes per leak) http://www.drywall-emporium.com/sos-self-amalgamating-pib-pipe-repair-tape-50mm-x-10m-448-p.asp, plus wire brushes 
·         2. Permanent repair of approximately 15 leaks using the “Perma-Wrap” system http://www.permawrap.com/c/6/perma-wrap  US$55 per leak plus wire brushes and other tools. Demonstration video:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pwUz07ymC64
[ this is cheaper and easier to apply than the alternative epoxy solutions such as Belzona 1111 http://www.belzona.co.uk/en/products/1000/1111.aspx  between £100 and £200 per 2kg not including tools and other hazardous materials(2 to 4 leaks per kit) demonstration video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gS6tGlDbRsQ This is a more complicated and expensive process which requires more technical skill and tools.]
·         Ongoing monitoring and set up a Water Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) committee in the town to manage, maintain and monitor water facilities, supply and quality. This can be duplicated in other towns in Sandoh
·         Survey and document the current water supply systems and watersheds and prepare a proposal for major funders
Project Benefits
Project Benefits
·         Consistent water supply at all times of day and throughout the year.
·         Water wastage and drying up of dam is prevented.
·         Townspeople do not drink or wash eating implements with pathogen-laden river and stream water
·         Reduction in preventable water borne diseases
·         Water pressure enables consistent water supply to reach the health clinic.
·         Effective town WASH committee to manage and maintain equipment and hygiene practises. Community is capacity-built to maintain sanitary conditions, WASH (Water, Sanitation and Hygiene) resources and facilities.
·         Availability of adequate water supply has a direct impact on health and sanitation
·         Health partnership between community and regional primary health care (PHC) providers has been facilitated.
·         Local incentives, regulation and sustainability mechanisms are in place
·         Local WASH and health knowledge-base is enhanced and inter-agency knowledge-sharing is promoted.
Primary Project Deliverables
Milestone 1 – March to April 2016
·         Project is publicised to Sandoh Diaspora donors and funds raised for short term repairs
·         Funds are raised for permanent repairs
·         Emergency temporary repairs and /or permanent repairs are completed
·         Formation of local WASH committee is initiated
Milestone 2
·         Continuing support, training and capacity building for WASH committee
·         WASH committee has taken on role and responsibility for management and maintenance of water supplies, equipment and hygiene.
·         Current water supply systems and watersheds are fully surveyed documented
·         Project/programme proposal for major funders is ready
Milestone 3
·         Funding secured for major project
·         Major project commenced

NB donors and development actors: Other potential projects that would benefit from your attention include sponsorship for distance teacher training of existing teachers at UMC and FMSS, and schools throughout Sandoh, teaching and learning resources for schools, curriculum development, health clinic resources and support throughout Sandoh, Agriculture and Business Centres support throughout Sandoh, Conservation and environmental protection and sustainable farming, development of the tourist route to Bintumani through Sandoh, road maintenance, cultural and social revitalisation projects, tree planting and town beautification, etc etc.


Sandoh: Our green and pleasant land

Tuesday, 24 March 2015

YSSOSTFA at SLUKDERT Education beyond Ebola Conference 7 March 2015 London



Yengema Secondary School Old Students Teachers and Friends Association

Handout for SLUKDERT Education beyond Ebola Conference 7 March 2015

Web site:  www.yss-association.org.uk twitter: YSSOSTFA email: info@yss-association.org.uk
YSSOSTFA is an association of former students, teachers and friends of Yengema Secondary School, in Kono District, Sierra Leone – based in UK working in partnership with volunteers and organisations in the UK, Sierra Leone, Ireland and internationally - to advance, support and rehabilitate learning at the school. YSSOSTFA is a registered charitable Company Limited by Guarantee, No. 8432599 (UK).

PRIORITIES
·         RAISE STANDARDS OF TEACHING AND LEARNING - Urgently increasing the capability of teachers to provide higher standards of education to students and surrounding communities with teacher training​, teaching resources, strategic school planning and curriculum development
·         REHABILITATION OF INFRASTRUCTURE and PASTORAL PROGRAMME - Rehabilitation of infrastructure including buildings, labs, equipment and teaching materials; motivating children to stay in school instead of working in diamond mines; child safeguarding and gender equality.

Since 2012 YSSOSTFA has worked successfully with Yengema Secondary School's administration to design and implement a number of strategic projects aimed at raising standards of learning and teaching at the school.
·         ​Networking with Sierra Leonean community organisations, other school partners, staff and students and using social media to help connect hundreds of ex-students and friends of the school as well as some of the school’s ex-teachers.
·         In partnership with the Eastern Polytechnic Distance Teacher Training College in Sierra Leone; delivering in service teacher training courses to 3 of the school's teachers, thanks to scholarships from YSSOSTFA. We hope to extend this scholarship programme as funds allow.
·         Reference Library Project with a large number of books and a study area for 50 students at a time- completed 2014 and ongoing support – African Writers Series -
·         Curriculum Development and Raising Standards Project - in progress - School Improvement Plan - in progress 1st draft
·         Gender project - to be developed
·         Solar Power Supply Project - preliminary planning complete, partial partner implementation - in progress (library only)
·         Science Labs (chemistry, physics and biology) Project; planning, furnishings and fittings - in progress
·         Workshops rehabilitation - concept phase
·         Staff quarters rehabilitation - concept phase
·         Agricultural, environment and honey bee project - concept phase​​
·         Shipment of Chlorine Granules + anti-Infection (Ebola) Kit, and purchase of Tanks, Veronica Buckets
Constraints and challenges:
·         Although we have offered capacity building assistance and partnerships to the Freetown and Kono based YOSA alumni organisations, these partnerships are still a work in progress.  
·         Our outreach and research suggests that the founders, the Catholic Church leaders in Sierra Leone are not in a position, financially or organisationally, to involve themselves in major support of second-level education in most of the country's districts.
·         Working in partnership with and getting cooperation of SL Ministry of Education and local authorities to facilitate better governance and resources for the school and its students.
·         Enhancing ebola resilience of school and surrounding community
·         Facilitation of students to return to school, will students return? Can they? Diversion of students from education because of pregnancies, attraction of diamond mining, poverty, etc
·         Ensuring World Bank GoSL funding for reopening of schools after ebola arrives at the school and is used effectively for its purpose
·         Many teachers around the country apparently not happy with March reopening of schools but their principals seem to be in favour, is this because of prospect of the above funding?
·         Poor internal organisational capacity of schools resulting in failure to proactively solicit, receive and benefit from those who may wish to help (not donor fatigue–donor frustration)
·         Getting students to take interest in non-curriculum titles for reading and broader learning
·         Re-introducing the Volunteer service ethic to students and teachers – we have had some success here – especially library project !
·         In order to deliver we have been constantly faced with problems of building local capacity, utilizing local manpower and materials, and providing unattainable materials from afar and putting systems in place to accomplish our projects.
·         etc

For more information on how we have overcome some of these challenges please contact:
Sahr Fasuluku
Director – YSSOSTFA
07740 277 969


 All photos credits below : - Ade Daramy SLUKDERT - click on photo to see full size






Monday, 23 March 2015

Judiciary awakening in Sierra Leone? Will the Legislature follow?

Image credits: Morris, Mike Ritter


If reports are true that a petition has been lodged to the Supreme Court in Sierra Leone, let's hope the judiciary will be truly independent and hear this case from the perspective of the protection of the rights and liberties of people and communities. Not from the perspective of protection of executive power. 

We are hearing from the judicial branch of our democracy, this is a good thing. It shows our civil and moral consciousnesses are growing. We can all remember times when no lawyer would dare to prepare, let alone arrive at court to submit, such a petition. Those were dark times.

The Sierra Leonean Bar have shown bravery. What is more, they may also share a belief in Sierra Leoneans' vision for our country; a place where the law protects all, even the smallest. Especially the smallest. A place where people can go about their lives without fear. The fear of oppression, violence, arbitrary incarceration, or the fear that their rights and liberties will without any shadow of a doubt be denied.  It is a reckless thing to leave people without recourse to justice.

It now remains to be seen whether our Courts have finally matured, whether they recognise their own power and their part to play in the growth of the nation, and whether they have grown the will to join the people they are sworn to protect and shrug off their reputation for allowing injustices to continue indefinitely, supporting the powerful against the weak, 'the government of the day', and the rich against the poor.

"An independent, impartial and competent judiciary is the key component of the rule of law and
the foundation upon which all rights, including non-derogable rights, depend."  (Latimer House Principles, endorsed by Commonwealth Heads of Government at their summit in Abuja, Nigeria,
December 2003, Article IV, Independence of the Judiciary)

This turned my mind towards Parliament and how much I looked forward to hearing from our elected representatives. These Members of Parliament who were elected by their own local people and local communities to live among them and engage with civil society, and while living among them to familiarise themselves with the needs of these local communities. Elected to then travel regularly  to our nation's capital to deliver their peoples' messages to Parliament (not forgetting of course to come back home and live). Elected to vigilantly fight for their peoples local interests and put them above the interests of multinational corporations, international lobbyists and 'the government of the day'. Elected to protect local livelihoods, environments, communities and families. Elected to scrutinise carefully and revoke, rather than make, unjust laws that take away from local communities the land and resources underneath their own feet, or laws and practises that remove our regional communities' livelihoods and ability to sustainably develop. Elected to oversee, scrutinise and regularly and vigilantly enforce international resource contracts. Elected to be conscious of the value of our resources when deciding their price and ensure strong community-centred clauses and environmental protection are at the heart of every agreement. Elected to show confidence and never, from misguided desperation or promises of favours, allow large companies to irreversibly degrade and pollute our lands and waters or the quality of life of our people who live there.

Image - Plan EU
And Parliament, as a sovereign body that is both master of and subject to our constitution; where the constitution is lacking and biased towards the powerful against local communities, was elected to reform the constitution and make it people and community-centred, make it protect the weak against the strong, promote the richness of ethnic and religious diversity and respect for each others differences, ensure it protects our environment, natural resources and ancestral homes, make it impose on all of us a duty to provide an unoppressive sustainable resilient future for this and future generations.

And elected to remember Parliament's status is not subservient to the executive arm of government.

If Parliament does these things and enforces all of this with the sovereign authority that it was given by the people, it will earn back its lost moral authority.

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Further Reading: 


Letter: Dr Abdulai ContehJustice of Appeal of the Court of Appeal of the Commonwealth of The Bahamas (March 2015), in news editorial, Sierra Leone Telegraph 19th March 2015,  http://www.thesierraleonetelegraph.com/?p=8825 (last accessed 25/3/2015)

Petition reportedly filed at the Supreme Court of Sierra Leone (March 2015) (picture below):


Open Society Foundations (2014) "What Does Justice Have to Do with Overcoming Poverty?" http://www.opensocietyfoundations.org/explainers/what-does-justice-have-do-overcoming-poverty  (last accessed 25/3/15)

de Vasconcelos, Álvaro (2011) "Global Governance: Building on the Civil Society Agenda" European Union Institute for Security Studies,      http://www.iss.europa.eu/uploads/media/Global_Governance_Building_on_the_civil_society_agenda.pdf   (last accessed 25/3/15)


Campaign for Good Governance (2014) "Civil Society Index - Rapid Assessment Report Sierra Leone"  http://civicus.org/images/stories/Sierra%20Leone%20CSI%20RA%20final.pdf (last accessed 26/3/15)

Koroma, J (2005), article "Examining Judicial Independence and Security of Tenure of the Office for Judges" Centre for Accountability and Rule of Law,  http://www.carl-sl.org/home/articles/45-joseph-koroma (last accessed 25/3/15)

SL Open Government Initiative (2013), "Judicial Branch"  http://www.ogi.gov.sl/government/judicial-branch (last accessed 25/3/15)

Robertson, Geoffrey, QC (2014) "Judicial Independence: Some Recent Problems", International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute  http://www.ibanet.org/Article/Detail.aspx?ArticleUid=15acea39-aeee-46ef-ab76-1cd18d7571cc (accessed 25/3/15)

Sierra Leone Truth and Reconciliation Commission (2004) Vol 2 Chapter 2 pp 90-93 "Findings in Respect of the Judiciary, the Rule of Law and the Promotion of Human Rights"   http://www.sierra-leone.org/Other-Conflict/TRCVolume2.pdf (accessed 25/3/15)

The Sierra Leone Telegraph (26 February 2014), article "Constitution Review"   http://www.thesierraleonetelegraph.com/?p=5540 (last accessed 26/3/15)

Constitutionnet (2014) "Constitutional History Sierra Leone" http://www.constitutionnet.org/country/constitutional-history-sierra-leone  (accessed 25/3/15)

Tommy, Ibrahim (2013) article "The rough edges of Sierra Leone’s rule of law credentials" http://politicosl.com/2013/06/the-rough-edges-of-sierra-leone%E2%80%99s-rule-of-law-credentials/ (accessed 25/3/15)

Suma, Mohamed (2014) pp 9-13 Ch 3, Sierra Leone Justice Sector and the Rule of Law "Independence and accountability of judges and lawyers",  Afrimap, Open Society Initiative for West Africa  http://www.afrimap.org/english/images/report/Sierra%20Leone%20Justice%20DD%20Web.pdf (26/3/15)

Human Rights Committee (2014) "Concluding Observations on the Initial Report of Sierra Leone" http://www.ohchr.org/EN/countries/AfricaRegion/Pages/SLIndex.aspx (accessed 26/3/15)

Friday, 27 February 2015

Human Rights in Sierra Leone February 2015

I have been asked about the Kono arrests recently and in particular the continuing detention of at least two Kono women since the first round of arrests took place.

Such activities have been called into question by various agencies as far back as the 19th November legal seminar in London: “Human Rights During Ebola”.  Numerous human rights issues were raised as can be seen in my blog at http://sahrfasuluku.blogspot.co.uk/2014/11/yesterday-i-went-to-human-rights-during.html . These need to be openly discussed, and addressed in favour of local communities. Thomas Jefferson in his famous quote warned that people should not be afraid of their government.

One of the most significant questions of 2014-2015, which was raised at the above seminar and will resonate for years to come until it is finally and satisfactorily addressed is: “WHETHER THE LAWYERS AND JUDICIARY OF SIERRA LEONE WERE CARRYING OUT THEIR PRIMARY ROLE  AS PROTECTORS OF THE CONSTITUTION, THE LAW AND HUMAN RIGHTS?”

Needless to say this question must also be urgently extended to PARLIAMENT. Have Parliament and the Judiciary both challenged and insisted at every stage that the executive show to a very high standard that what it was doing was necessary, that its actions were the least restrictive and that there were no less restrictive alternatives that could have been equally effective in allowing them to reach their legitimate aims?  Did Parliament and the Judiciary challenge the government to disprove claims that they were encroaching on rights more than necessary to achieve their legitimate aims?

Re current detainees and arrest lists: Can anyone provide an accurate update of the names of those arrested, when, those still detained, the conditions  of their detention and names on arrest lists?

Thursday, 26 February 2015

Newspaper Report of wildlife attack on villagers in Kono 20 February 2015

Still looking for further confirmation of this report by Samba, A (20 February 2015) " 'Baboons' Kill Town Chief in Kono" Awareness Times http://news.sl/drwebsite/publish/article_200527208.shtml (accessed 26 2 15). 
If confirmed I sympathise with the family and community of the aforementioned chief.

However I am concerned to note the tone of the report which seems to take great joy in the eradication of all of these wild animals. Firstly, while safety is an issue, to my understanding you do not confront a pack of dangerous wild animals, as they are likely to attack you if you do. There are ways to handle such situations that do not involve putting villagers in harm’s way. There are also ways to reduce the risk to communities without destroying our few remaining natural resources. However I see the extermination knee-jerk reaction in many rural communities around the world, which will inevitably lead to the extinction of already endangered species. We would not consider destroying the sea because it caused a natural disaster, nor would we consider destroying the air because it created a hurricane that wrecked thousands of homes. We would not destroy a river because someone drowned in it, in fact we would still view it as the bringer of life. We accept these aspects of nature without any ill will towards them, even when they are not alive. Although the tragedies are hard to understand,  we accept these reminders that we are not bigger than nature, which is another way of saying we are not bigger than God. So why is it that we are so easily prepared to eradicate other aspects of nature (flora and fauna) that are equally as important and deserve the same value if not more because they possess life itself. Is the only reason because we can exercise dominance over them but have no power over the rest of nature?

Secondly, as man encroaches further and further into the natural environment and destroys more and more forests and bush cover, animals are displaced from their natural habitats and relocate to other areas in search of food and habitat. This brings them into new areas they hitherto did not frequent and increases human-wildlife conflicts. The theory has already been proposed by many that this shifting pattern of displacement and relocation may have caused the ebola outbreak, due to increased proximity to human villages of displaced colonies of bats and other animals, increasing the likelihood of contagion. One trend I personally observed was farmers irresponsibly starting uncontrolled bush fires that travelled many, many miles beyond their own gardens, laying waste to miles of unfarmed hills and valleys as far as the eye could see leaving them bare of any cover. This phenomenon causes; loss of soil fertility and structure, loss of soil bioactivity, erosion of fertile soil due to exposure affecting soil and food security; negative effects on watersheds and ground water tables affecting water security; changes in microclimates; and destruction in the balance of all local ecosystems. It is no surprise that it also forces  animals to relocate into tighter and tighter areas, eventually coming into conflict with humans. Responsible and enforced environmental supervision is necessary not just for conservation of wildlife but for our own sustainable development and to encourage another highly lucrative mutually beneficial but neglected industry in Sierra Leone; Ecotourism.

Finally on an ethical note; Do we not have a responsibility as stewards to preserve the flora and fauna that God put on this Earth? To leave this Earth, its creatures and ecosystems as intact or better than we found them?   And if so, should we not be looking at sustainable prevention of conflicts between man and his environment (eg; restoration and replanting of destroyed forest and bush cover, to ensure animals are not competing with humans for survival space?).  


Tragedies such as the death of this town chief can be prevented with forward thinking.  Or is it the policy in Sierra Leone to eradicate all our natural resources completely, including the little remaining wildlife and natural environment that we have left?