Showing posts with label West Africa. Show all posts
Showing posts with label West Africa. Show all posts

Sunday, 1 May 2016

Another Image of Sierra Leone - a Failure to Look

When a person enters a country, their first impressions count. These can be changed by something contrasting, or reinforced by more of the same. So it is with Sierra Leone.

Outside the country the images we see in the general and social media are made up of countless photographs; of politicians and their followers celebrating one thing or another, individuals posing for the camera, people in anti-ebola clothing, ambulances and quarantine centres, war victims, idyllic beaches, beautiful landscapes, shiny happy faces, or horrifically graphic accident victims. There may even be some nostalgic images of wildlife thrown in here or there. But does this photo album give an accurate image of Sierra Leone? As anyone walks through the airport, into the country and outside of Freetown, is this what they see? What we see is what the cameras point at.

As we wander about in our daily lives we usually notice the things that are out of the ordinary, the things we're not used to. In the case of those coming from other countries, the scenes we see in Sierra Leone are very different, and so they'll stand out.  As a child of nine stepping off the plane, I can never forget the warm humid blanket that enveloped me. Stepping off this April I noticed the absence of another childhood memory, the smell of smoked fish mixed with charcoal and permeating the air everywhere. Where had it gone? At 4am in a rickety vehicle travelling from the airport to the ferry along the night road, I noticed the vehicle, the darkness, the heat, the insects, the many huddled shadows of children and women with large bundles sitting by the roadside. Waiting for the ferry I noticed the quiet small queue of vehicles and people milling around outside the gate, sitting around on benches and in their vehicles, and the constant warmth.

On the ferry my senses were overwhelmed by sights and sounds too many to describe. The lasting image was of the dilapidated state of the ferry, overloading, endless delay, the mass of market people treated literally like cattle and risking their limbs and their produce to find a niche on the boat, smells of all kinds, the heat inside and outside of the vehicle and the dirtiness of every surface. Then came the assaulting images of Freetown. Insanity on the roads, a cacophony of sounds, dirt and dust on everything, the bravest pedestrians in the world, every kind of bric-a-brac selling from so many small open shops and laid out on the roadside.  More mad okada motorbikers than you can imagine, with their insanity spreading to their passengers who put their lives in the hands of these outlaws. The yellow taxi drivers; no better, just driving more dangerous vehicles.

Some may say these images are the ingredients that give the city some semblance of charm, although this romantic view is knocked back every few metres by a pungent wave of urine or raw sewage. All those photographs I mentioned before cannot capture the toxic exhaust fumes from countless generators and engines stuck in traffic, they cannot capture the even more toxic fumes of hydrogen cyanide, hydrochloric acid, dioxins and furans released each day across the country from tonnes of burning plastic, or the chronic coughing induced after a few days by breathing in this lethal cocktail. Nor do the images we see portray the decline of morality, compassion and social responsibility, or capture the insecurity of a lawless state, inaccessible healthcare or little social security.

Perhaps it is time to question whether any of this is actually invisible and ask whether the images are there to be seen but are not noticed, do the images portray this decline and insecurity?

Somehow people are able to travel daily past the un-emptied stench of the gutters outside their own houses without noticing them, step past the blue drinking water supply pipes submerged in these stinking gutters without batting an eye. They can drive or walk up unpaved, unmaintained back streets without noticing the bumps or damage to their fine vehicles or sandals, past periodic rubbish dumps filling riverbeds without seeing their danger or wondering where the rubbish ends up, and without smelling the even more lethal cocktail of toxins released by burning plastic. Perhaps that's the reason right there, poster blindness, the denial of danger or personal responsibility, exhibited perfectly by the government and people for months after the first outbreak of ebola and exhibited just as well today by apparently sane respectable okada passengers.  The failure to look, practised at least twice a day by 17 presidential vehicles, countless ministers and civil servants, Visit-Sierra-Leone-dot-com and millions of inhabitants.

I think there are images that portray the decline of morality, compassion, social responsibility and the insecurity of a lawless state. Look up at every hillside and hilltop around the country that has been shaved as bare as a bad haircut and savaged and scarred by a holocaust of flame. Now imagine how they looked covered in lush forest. Do not fail to take a long hard look at the image of your waterless tap and ask what forest feeds the watersheds. Look into every river under the bridges of Freetown, and ask yourself where all this plastic is going to end up? (Perhaps this is a question to ask before you buy the next plastic drink). Visit Lumley's beautiful beach and take a dip in the luxuriously warm waters rich with detritus, plastic and unknown solutions. Look in and smell the gutters outside your front door.  And do not fail to look at what is being done to our land, all over the country.

You can see these images on You Tube: https://youtu.be/F-y3sGyPmYY or on Flickr: https://flic.kr/s/aHskAuGUpi




Sahr O Fasuluku, 1 May 2016





Friday, 25 March 2016

Pipe Repairs Kayima Gravity Fed Water Supply Proposal Brief

Kayima Water
Project Summary
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Project Name:        Kayima Water 
Last Updated:         21 March 2016
Author:                    Sahr O Fasuluku
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Project Business Case
Project Overview
For full background visit the following links:

Kayima is the chiefdom headquarters for Sandoh chiefdom in Kono District, Eastern Sierra Leone, situated about 40km from Yengema airfield and 40 km from Mount Bintumani. It is very remote and it requires 3 or more hours’ travel on bad roads from the main Freetown to Kono Trunk road to reach it. It contains the central clinic, which serves the whole of the chiefdom and refers cases to Koidu General Hospital.
In the 1950's a gravity fed water supply system was constructed at Kayima. The town has extended since then, the supply can't always reach the new neighbourhoods, but there are standpipes at many points where people collect water in buckets.
In 2003 Sahr Fasuluku visited the reservoir dam and took a series of pictures just after the International Rescue Committee (IRC) and townspeople had carried out post-war maintenance and repairs.  They had managed to repair the walls of the dam, line the floor of the reservoir closest to the dam with cement and excavate a small portion of earth up to about 5 or 6 metres back and 20m wide. There was more work remaining to be done, such as excavation of approximately 30m x 20m of soil, repairs to the stop cock which had seized open, perhaps pruning of overhanging branches that had formed an almost complete canopy dropping leaves into the water. About 75% of the original reservoir was completely filled in by earth and organic material that had been washed in over several decades. No maintenance work has been recorded since 2003. 
In January 2014 brown water collected from standpipes in the town was producing a smell. Sahr Fasuluku, Bondu Argue and townspeople investigated the dam and found the previously motorable access road was overgrown with bush and hundreds of young trees several years old. The road had been brushed within the past year or so, but it was still narrow and obstructed.  Upon reaching the turntable it was possible to see the main pipe.  Each length of iron pipe was 4 or 5 metres long and about 6” in diameter. A couple of spare pipes were noticed lying about in bushes but it wasn’t possible to see if they were cracked or eroded.
The reservoir, estimated to have originally been at least 40 meters long by about 20 metres wide, was almost full of organic detritus as was the discoloured water in the small amount of remaining space, approximately 5 metres by about 15 metres wide closest to the wall of the dam. Water in the reservoir had surface scum in places. There was evidence of eutrophication and high levels of total chlorophyll, indicated by the presence of brownish algal biomass.  Assessing total suspended matter visually, it was not possible to see the bottom of the reservoir pool even though it was only between 1 metre and 1.5 metres at its deepest, it was possible to see the bed where it was around 30cm deep or less. The water had a reddish yellow tint indicating coloured dissolved matter. There was a very large leak at the left side of the dam wall and severe damage to the concrete floor of the dam close to the dam wall. 
Bondu Argue, Mohamed Kamara visiting from Saudi Arabia and Sahr Fasuluku assisted the mobilisation of townspeople by youth groups and chiefs and over two days the town voluntarily carried out significant excavation of soil and concrete repairs to the dam wall and dam floor, installed a drystone wall to hold back soil incursion and installed filters to the water outlet compartment. Bondu, Mohamed and Sahr contributed cement, sand, and other materials and provided food on the second day of work.
In April 2015 monitors reported; “The water system is very poor. The taps cannot run during the day time and only a few during the night. No rain yet.” There were an increasing number of leaks in the main supply pipe from the dam. Last reports received in March 2016 indicate 15 separate leaks. Townspeople have been making makeshift repairs using tyre inner tubes but these are temporary and prone to failure. The 6 inch iron pipe suffers from outer and inner corrosion in sections and is over 60 years old but mostly solid. the distance from the dam to the town is approximately 2km.
Urgent pipe repairs have been requested by the townspeople who are concerned about the loss of water and drying up of the supply during the dry season. It is also reported the supply does not reach the clinic. It is vital the clinic should have a potable water supply. It is believed the town has no alternative supply of potable water and no wells. When there is no pipe water, residents drink from rivers and streams which contributes to high levels of water borne diseases.
There is no apparent water safety and conservation committee.
Business Issue/Opportunity
·         Urgent repairs will need to be carried out in the short term to prevent leaks and protect water security for the town.
·         Medium term ongoing leak repairs will be necessary as and when they occur, A water conservation and safety committee will be necessary in the town to organise ongoing maintenance and monitor.
·         Replacement of pipes or pipe sections, renovation, grinding and lining of existing pipes will be necessary in the long term (renovation and section replacement are commonplace in western countries as the cost of large scale replacement is usually prohibitive). Where the pipes are corroded they will need to be gradually replaced with cement-lined iron water pipes, or individually renovated by internally grinding and lining their interiors. Replacement/renovation can be an ongoing process over the next decade with a handful of pipes being replaced/renovated every few years, or it can be one major project funded by a large donor to replace/renovate the entire system.
Project Business Goal
·         Ensure consistent water supply at all times of day and throughout the year. Prevent water wastage and drying up of dam.
·         Improve water pressure to enable consistent water supply to reach the health clinic.
·         Ensure town management and hygiene system is in place and maintains healthy supplies.
Primary Project Objectives
Primary Project Objectives
·         1. Temporary repair of leaks (up to 15 leaks) using 50mmx10m self-amalgamating tape at about £14 per leak (two tapes per leak) http://www.drywall-emporium.com/sos-self-amalgamating-pib-pipe-repair-tape-50mm-x-10m-448-p.asp, plus wire brushes 
·         2. Permanent repair of approximately 15 leaks using the “Perma-Wrap” system http://www.permawrap.com/c/6/perma-wrap  US$55 per leak plus wire brushes and other tools. Demonstration video:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pwUz07ymC64
[ this is cheaper and easier to apply than the alternative epoxy solutions such as Belzona 1111 http://www.belzona.co.uk/en/products/1000/1111.aspx  between £100 and £200 per 2kg not including tools and other hazardous materials(2 to 4 leaks per kit) demonstration video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gS6tGlDbRsQ This is a more complicated and expensive process which requires more technical skill and tools.]
·         Ongoing monitoring and set up a Water Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) committee in the town to manage, maintain and monitor water facilities, supply and quality. This can be duplicated in other towns in Sandoh
·         Survey and document the current water supply systems and watersheds and prepare a proposal for major funders
Project Benefits
Project Benefits
·         Consistent water supply at all times of day and throughout the year.
·         Water wastage and drying up of dam is prevented.
·         Townspeople do not drink or wash eating implements with pathogen-laden river and stream water
·         Reduction in preventable water borne diseases
·         Water pressure enables consistent water supply to reach the health clinic.
·         Effective town WASH committee to manage and maintain equipment and hygiene practises. Community is capacity-built to maintain sanitary conditions, WASH (Water, Sanitation and Hygiene) resources and facilities.
·         Availability of adequate water supply has a direct impact on health and sanitation
·         Health partnership between community and regional primary health care (PHC) providers has been facilitated.
·         Local incentives, regulation and sustainability mechanisms are in place
·         Local WASH and health knowledge-base is enhanced and inter-agency knowledge-sharing is promoted.
Primary Project Deliverables
Milestone 1 – March to April 2016
·         Project is publicised to Sandoh Diaspora donors and funds raised for short term repairs
·         Funds are raised for permanent repairs
·         Emergency temporary repairs and /or permanent repairs are completed
·         Formation of local WASH committee is initiated
Milestone 2
·         Continuing support, training and capacity building for WASH committee
·         WASH committee has taken on role and responsibility for management and maintenance of water supplies, equipment and hygiene.
·         Current water supply systems and watersheds are fully surveyed documented
·         Project/programme proposal for major funders is ready
Milestone 3
·         Funding secured for major project
·         Major project commenced

NB donors and development actors: Other potential projects that would benefit from your attention include sponsorship for distance teacher training of existing teachers at UMC and FMSS, and schools throughout Sandoh, teaching and learning resources for schools, curriculum development, health clinic resources and support throughout Sandoh, Agriculture and Business Centres support throughout Sandoh, Conservation and environmental protection and sustainable farming, development of the tourist route to Bintumani through Sandoh, road maintenance, cultural and social revitalisation projects, tree planting and town beautification, etc etc.


Sandoh: Our green and pleasant land

Friday, 28 November 2014

Report Released: Sierra Leone UK Diaspora Ebola Response Conference London 29 November 2014


On 28.11.2014: I said "Here's hoping we can all come together on this. The epidemic is getting worse. Action needs to be scaled up. http://www.eventbrite.co.uk/o/sierra-leonean-uk-diaspora-ebola-response-taskforce-and-engayde-7702058633"

2/4/2015 Update:

SLUKDERT Report on the 29th November Sierra Leone UK Diaspora Ebola Response Conference London 

Venue: Herbert Smith Freehills LLP, Exchange House, Primrose Street, London EC2A 2EG

Click here to download the full SLUKDERT report

Image: Chukwu-Emeka P F Chikezie, SLUKDERT 

Executive Summary: 

" The meeting captured the views of a wide range of groups and allowed organisations to learn about and link up with those pursuing the same or similar aims.
The meeting was attended by many Sierra Leone Diaspora organisations and individuals working to combat Ebola. This report captures most of the deliberations, decisions and instances of cooperation arising from the meeting.

Image: Chukwu-Emeka P F Chikezie, SLUKDERT 
There appeared to be a genuine desire for this to be the first, not a ‘stand-alone’ event and there were encouraging signs of genuine attempts for collaborative working.
Many of the discussions and initiatives indicated a willingness to play a part in assisting in the post-Ebola situation to address many of the shortcomings in the socio-economic fabric exposed by the outbreak.

It was clear that some important organisations (particularly the area/district descendants’ associations) were noticeable by their absence. Steps will be made to reach out to them for any future events as they have a significant role to play. The meeting was able to capture a lot of good contact details and there were clear signs of organisations agreeing to work together in the future.
The taskforce recognized the constraints on a wholly volunteer organisation while committing to continue to facilitate dialogue between organisations, link fundraising efforts and to collaborating with other Diaspora organisations.

 Image: Chukwu-Emeka P F Chikezie, SLUKDERT


Among the priorities identified were:
  • Establishing a network of Sierra Leone Diaspora teachers to feed into and collaborate with teachers and institutions in Sierra Leone. This included seeking links with distance learning while the schools lockdown continues
  • The mapping exercise described in the report highlighted a desire for better coordination of efforts between the Diaspora and home-based groups
  • For the taskforce to set up bespoke seminars/conferences around specific professions to look at how they might contribute to the Ebola and post-Ebola efforts in the country
  • For the taskforce to take the lead in reaching out to Diaspora organisations outside the London area
  • For the taskforce to continue with its ‘diaspora mapping’ exercise to understand who's doing what, where (and who wants to do what, where) by reaching out to more Sierra Leonean diaspora groups
  • For the taskforce to signpost individuals and groups to where there is most need
  • Provide vulnerable people in SL information on organisations that cater for their needs
Image: Chukwu-Emeka P F Chikezie, SLUKDERT

BACKGROUND TO THE MEETING

According to the World Health Organization’s (WHO) 31 December 2014 Situation
Report, there have been 20,206 reported cases of Ebola virus disease and 7,905 reported deaths across all the three worst-affected outbreak countries, Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. Sierra
Leone accounts for 9,446 reported cases (47% of the three countries’ total). WHO notes that Ebola
Virus Disease “transmission remains intense in Sierra Leone, with 337 confirmed cases reported in
the week to 28 December, 2014 – more than double the number of cases in Guinea and Liberia combined” and is at its most intense in Sierra Leone’s western and northern districts.

As Ebola continued to ravage Sierra Leone, it was clear that, in addition to international efforts to combat the outbreak, there was a significant role and contribution the Sierra Leone Diaspora could make. The Sierra Leone UK Diaspora Ebola Response Taskforce (SLUKDERT) which was formed in response to the outbreak and includes a wide spectrum of Diaspora Sierra Leoneans organised this meeting to facilitate cooperation between UK-based Diaspora organisations in responding to the crisis and working with organisations on the ground. As such, it was good to see the widest possible spectrum of actors represented at the meeting: NGOs, charities, alumni associations, legal, medical and recruitment organisations, were among some of those present. Implications for development were at the forefront of the discussions.

 Image: Chukwu-Emeka P F Chikezie, SLUKDERT

AIMS

a) To foster constructive dialogue and stronger coordination in the Diaspora response to the Ebola crisis
b) To enhance our existing information sharing system relating to Ebola

OBJECTIVES:

a) An opportunity for attendees to share their response to the Ebola crisis
b) To highlight the key activities of the taskforce and its specific operational projects – i.e. the HR roadshow and the shipment of 10 containers
c) For workshops to be action oriented – participants were asked to look at practical inexpensive and simple steps that can be immediately implemented to enhance their response to the Ebola crisis
d) To provide a networking opportunity and to share best practice

DESIRED OUTCOMES

a) Greater understanding of clusters around which Sierra Leonean diasporas in the UK are responding to Ebola crisis
b) At least six areas of discussions, wherein attendees would commit to collaborate around common interest to implement initiatives, share learning, etc.
c) Unity and sense of common purpose is in evidence

In setting the scene, attendees were encouraged to look at how they could contribute by addressing three main aspects of the Diaspora’s reaction: (1) challenges they face as individuals or members of organisations, (2) lessons learned from those challenges and (3) how they could contribute, particularly by collaborating with fellow Sierra Leoneans or friends of Sierra Leone with shared interests. "

SLUKDERT 12 February 2015

Click here to download the full report

Edward Turay  Sierra Leonean High Commissioner to the UK          Image: Chukwu-Emeka P F Chikezie, SLUKDERT

Jane Ellison Parliamentary Under Secretary of State Public Health         Image: Chukwu-Emeka P F Chikezie, SLUKDERT
For full collection of event photos see Facebook: Chukwu-Emeka P F Chikezie